Psychosocial aspects of child and adolescent obesity. Position statement. The Canadian Paediatric Society gives permission to print single copies of this document from our website. For permission to reprint or reproduce multiple copies, please see our copyright policy. Principal authorsP Nieman, CMA Le. Blanc, Canadian Paediatric Society, Healthy Active Living Committee. Abridged version Paediatr Child Health 2. Abstract. In addition to counselling families about regular physical activity and healthy nutrition, clinicians need to identify and help them to address the psychosocial factors that may be contributing to their childs or adolescents obesity. Affected individuals may suffer from depression, low self esteem, bullying, and weight bias, experiences that can make achieving desired health outcomes more difficult. Clinicians should try to identify these underlying stressors and ensure that appropriate counselling is implemented. Key Words Child Mental health Obesity Psychosocial. Introduction. Promoting healthy active living in the clinical setting has focused on helping families to effect consistent lifestyle changes, such as increasing the quality and quantity of physical activity PA and making better nutritional choices 1 3. While improving nutrition and physical activity levels are critical in addressing the problem of overweight, they are only part of the solution. Clinicians must also identify and help families to address the psychosocial factors elements in a childs or youths social environment that contribute to overweight or obesity 4. Poor nutrition and inadequate PA may be direct results of psychosocial contributors to obesity 5. Affected children who also experience bullying, depression, low self esteem or weight bias 45 will have more difficulty managing their weight. Children from economically disadvantaged homes are more likely to fall into unhealthy lifestyle patterns characterized by physical inactivity, poor nutrition and increased obesity risk 67. Clinicians must consider such factors when working with families, to ensure that treatment goals are realistic and appropriate 45. The objectives of this statement are to explore how psychosocial factors in childhood contribute to overweightobesity, to discuss overweight related psychological comorbidities, and to provide clinical and public policy recommendations that address these issues. This statement was developed through conventional review of current medical literature, group consensus, and peer review by clinicians experienced in this field. Psychosocial contributors to obesity. The patients perspective. Important psychosocial contributors to obesity may include stressors that trigger emotional eating 45 being bullied 5, suffering neglect and maltreatment 89, or a living situation where consistency, limit setting and supervision are lacking 81. Total number of Cs found 11108 63 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z CA CB CC CD CE CF CG CH CI CJ CK CL CM CN CO CP CQ CR CS CT CU CV CW CX CY. DVA DEFENCE MEDIA ON THE RECORD MINISTERIAL THE AUSTRALIAN SMH THE AGE CM ABC ARMY Christmas Support the troops 1 Dec 17 6 Nov 17 Defence. Sieviete Viai piemt visseksulkais temperaments. Ml seksu un pati labprt atzst, ka via taj ir nepiestinma. We would like to show you a description here but the site wont allow us. Agent Amy Tompkins. Alison Achesons eighth book, 19 Things A Book Of Lists for Me, will be published in Fall 2014. Her works are for all ages, from picture books. Stressed children are more prone to overeating or emotional eating 45, that is, eating excessively for comfort or to make oneself unattractive. Examples of stressors that commonly lead to overeating are parental separationdivorce 1. Such challenges can predispose a child or adolescent to use food as a coping mechanism. Chronic stress can also compound poor sleeping habits 1. PA at school and at home. Inadequate sleep is a known risk factor for obesity 1. Stress can negatively impact the immune system, increasing the risk of viral upper respiratory infections 1. PA. Stressful living situations, including poverty, or generalized anxiety or depression can stimulate neuroendocrine responses. An activated hypothalamic pituitary axis and sympathetic nervous system may induce intra abdominal adiposity, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome through excessive cortisol production 1. Weight biasdefined as the tendency to make unfair judgments based on a persons weightis a significant social problem 1. Overweight individuals are often teased and have difficulty making friends. Overweightobese children are more prone to being bullied, humiliated or ostracized, and they are also more likely to engage in bullying behavior 5. It is difficult to facilitate weight loss through lifestyle changes alone if a bullied child is not identified and supported in these other respects as well 51. Some bullied children are unable to follow healthy nutritional plans because of their emotional eating behaviours 45. A fear of bullying may lead them to exercise less and stay indoors 51. Discrimination against obese individuals is a harmful, pervasive and significant social problem that needs to be addressed early, concretely, and as part of a childs or teens treatment regiment 51. The parents role. Parenting plays a pivotal role in promoting healthy active living and in managing childhoodadolescent obesity 231. The following parental responsibilities are particularly important good role modelling 31. The Genius of Charles Darwin is a threepart television documentary, written and presented by evolutionary biologist Richard Dawkins. Life, Darwin and. Canadian Paediatric Society Protecting and promoting the health and wellbeing of children and youth. Children and youth who lack routine, consistency, limits and supervision at home are at greater risk of obesity 8. For reasons that are still unclear, there is also a higher incidence of obesity among children without siblings 1. Theoretically, the only child might eat more out of boredom or loneliness 1. Sometimes children are pushed by parents to excel in a particular sport, which can result in an aversion for sport and exercise 1. I/51mm6CnKfgL.jpg' alt='Choices Interviewing And Counselling Skills For Canadians Pdf' title='Choices Interviewing And Counselling Skills For Canadians Pdf' />They may become more sedentary because of burn out or disillusionment, and abandon any form of PA 1. Divorce may be a sensitive topic for a parent to discuss with the clinician but it can be a significant psychosocial contributor to obesity 1. If divorced parents fail to communicate, or blame one another for their childs state of health, sustained behavioural changes are difficult. Separation and divorce strain parental resources time, money and energy, making healthy eating and regular PA more challenging. Some children counter the stresses induced by divorce by emotional eating 45. The role of the community. The cost of healthy eating ie, lots of fresh fruit and vegetables is often higher than eating less nutritious foods 2. Fresh produce is also more difficult to obtain and more expensive in remote regions and in Northern Canada 1. Super Mario Rom Mame. Families with limited income, education and access to fresh produce are more likely to be overweight 2. Moreover, foods high in fat and sugar continue to be a major focus of television advertisements during childrens programming 2. Direct marketing to younger, susceptible children in an effort to develop early brand loyalty often succeeds. Poorer Canadians are more likely to purchase these foods because they are often more affordable than healthier alternatives 72. First Nations, Inuit, some ethnic minorities and children living in apartments or public housing, or in neighborhoods where outdoor play is curtailed by weather or a lack of safe facilities, are also at higher risk for obesity 1. Limited access to recreational opportunities, parks and neighborhood playgrounds, a byproduct of urban sprawl that especially impacts low income families, also correlate to obesity 2. Although many provincesterriteries have eliminated quality daily physical education PE classes in favour of academics, current research demonstrates that regular PE actually improves academic performance and reduces stress 2.